Space signaling system.



No. 818,236. f y FATENTED APR. 17, 1906.

c. D. BHRET. SPACE SIGNALING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 27; 1903.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

EAA/WV M/Vx PATENTE) APR. 17, 1906,

G. D, EHRET. l SPACE s1 NAMNG SYSTEM,

APPLICATION .FILED JULY27,1U03.

2 SHEBTS-SHEET 2 J j w E L 6 lfm-wolf Application ld July 27,1903.Serial io. 167,129.

3 a ici-.traen or Umtrfd. Swiss, i' J ai; iidmmb, in ne peiling ofiontgomery mm message, transifmted thriirugh the mtura media; ,f

My invention refsides in apparatus 'for gerierzitiiig eiectrormiiant@nergy and impressing il upon the natural mediar, iu susii. mamme? 'thata plurality of Separate, vtrains of Waiver, 0i electron'i'agnetic energyara similizmaousiy transmied, sach' wave trains bing de phrased ordispiaced is Lo time with rrspem, a@ each o'vhur. f

My ii'n'ention rsids in apparatus for gen arming and impressing upon thenatural media a pluralityof independent Wav@ trains forn'iing separa@series, the Wave trains of @adi series being displaced in. time 'with regard to die w we trains of any o/iier seris.

'My invention consiss of generating' sind 'Yiprs 'ng upm'i the marinaimidis-h :i pia;

' rermrxi Seriefs 0i if@ trains,y ik@ il.

Lifriiis 11 midi series being digpiacfid in iiii r,h respect to the wavetrains of any Other 4.s fries; :md the ing iie trains periodicity 0rabat series, and

eiectroiiagnati waves formof any one series having a frequencysharz'rcterisic of iifi'eriug from Hw perimicizy si' equeucjf' of eheieotrom ii-f: Waves imiiing rh@ trainsni" a other series.

My invenpionresides in apparatus. 'for imnsormiug th@ eiesrorzifiianteneimy of @he @param series of wai-r@ trainS, ahora 'meriu ioi'iczl,info ghe ener ,f of eiec'ric currents, uch @ir-Miri@ currsii@ musing orcontroiing LUC ff) C @im prfductioii of fluctuating or uimrnatingcurrents-s mi" groupr; 0? impuises having th 5mm, piarie dispi fi'emenor Simiiar pimms d iaccmciif as @mais iievfwn im tra vis-JY diedi Temse.'ess simpressef upon the natur-:ii iimiizi a@ the transmi' C;

Cam' ig or writroiiiiig iii@ production of :in igioctriz; muren?, ofdie, fiuswaiiiig or fing ai 'frequency @my or 'trie trim A ino' wavetrains, mid imostilig or reinfor So producml to f. frequency or di@eiecromigiiamc i( r" ig tile airrs of Fig. i2 a Li-grsimmaibir:Iiw (ai:modified ciriiitirr rangemengs o" the triiri.v ii'taing apparatus forAproQiwirig' rsiiis simi sa "ro that miduced ami. shown in i.. Biff. isa.

.i rrr iftmnsiiiiitar. ou f is i@ da rammwbic View or the @ircuitarrangemangs 01"' a mediiied 'form of traiismiter. Eig. 5 is adiagrammatic View' the circuits ari; i receivingstatioii. wi'ierein theanerqy received from my of Ehe sifforerienianed trau tiers is caused "mprodrce 0r commi @primed r/tri@ ents i '-mirerim *a0 recur@ circ-ui rforwfi mrtir: View phased wir marion of n ing' miniem Reife' are primary"s, auch p ha? cirsu Writ ls usiv open 0r cime @im cirmiitzj the pliiriairs 3 and P'.- S istil@ secan' winding 0 th@ trarrfurmer Wikis@ primar fi E? and, S th@ sac ridary of @ha transformer secondary s oiE thetritnshnincr whose prin'inry is fr). G is u spark-nip in shunt to thcsccorul: Si, and torn :along with con-` denser l, transformer prinniry pund in ductfince L :in oscillating circuit ol vcry high frequency. il is:i sccond zicrinl coruiiutcr between "which and the ourtli Pto c is thetransformer seconda-ry s cor pointing with the primary p'. 'Theircqueruzy of the csr-,iln lotions in the circuit C, p, L und G,dcpemfls, among other tl'iings, is well urulerstocd, upon the product ofthe capacity und inrlucc 'tance of such. circuit; siinilxtrly the ircrucncy o thc oscillating circuit C, gf, il und ilf, dc-A pends upon theproduct ol' the 'capacity und incluctance of v such circuit. T hecapacity and inductance, or rather their product, of the circuit C, p,L, G is taken different from that of the circuit C p', L' und if" sothat the frequency cthe electromagnetic waves rodia-ted from. theconductor A is dii'l'orent from the frequency ol. thoclectroningncticwayne radiated Afrom the conductor A. Since the current supplicd by thesecond :irics S andl Sf are in quadrature the oscillations for e chtrain ofwaves generated in tno circuit C, j?, L, G begin at a timeearlier (or lntor) tl an the commencement of u waive train gcncrated bythc circuit C', p, ii, G', such dillcrence in timo amounting to qiuirtcroln pcriod of thc current supplicd to they transformer prinuirics P undP. ln other words thc wave trains cnninnthu;l from the conductor .fr srcdcplmscd with rcspcct to the uiive trains crnnnu ting;y lroin. thocondur tor A, und, further, thc 'rcruuncy ol' clcctroinngnctii:

' wavos radiated l'roin A is dill'erent from tho frequency of thcilcctrnnuurnctio waives rudiated 'from A. Suppose tho two-phasedcurrents supplied to l), l to have u friqucncy ol onc hundred :rndeighty cycles por scconil. Thon thclxvavo trains cnnn'uiting from A willbe deplinscd from the wnvc tra. clnunuting from il. by un iuuountcorresponding with n quartier period, or, one scvcn-hun lrcd-:zinihtwentieth ol u sccond. Furthorinorc, lic electromagnetic wax/'csrnrliuti-/d l'roni A muy be fit thc rntc oli one million per secondwhilc thosey rzidintod from A nniy be :it thc rntc ol'l seven hundrcdund iil'ty lhousnnd pcrsccond. l prcl'cr to luivc the coiulcuscrs und(.l ol' Very nearly thc sii-inc capacity, thc inductnnccs ol thc twocircuits bciurgil chosen dill'crcnt-ly in ordcr lo sccurc thcrlill'crcnt i'rcqucn4 so that both conrlcnsers will be charged to theirmaximum potci tial in equal periodsn ol tiinc, so that thevspurli nt thcgzip (i will procedo (or succeed) thc spark at G" by ex nctly u qunrtcroi n. period ol the currrnt supplicfl to il) und P. The sp rli-gnps (lund G nre gn'cl'erubly sin'iilnr ifi mary respect so that both willbreuk down under similar circuinstances. lrorn the foregoing' dc 'f'iption it is secn, thercliore, thut by dcpressii'ig; the opcrators-lrcyl?, :i piurslity of scries of Wfiv'e trains :ire t insinittcd thc warn,trains or" thc fliilercnt s l cingilirg 'inscri with respect to euchother, und the elcctroimiguelic wives of cach scries having n frcqucncydilerent lroin the lrcqurnicy oi thc clrctromagnetic wur-rcs of un.'other r ics in i2, P nd il :ire thc 'primary und ser ondnry incling'srcspcctively oi n, stcp-up trunsicr.uicr, thc primary circuit boing controllcd by the operutors hoy F. G is u, spark. grap in shunt to thcsccoiulnry winding S :in d is common to the oscillating circuit C, p, L,lli, und the oscillatingY circuit C, p', l/ und G. The constants of'thcsc two oscillating circuits are so chosen that their natural p 'iodsare diiiercnt. By :nouns of thc trains former p, s, and the transformerp" and s', these oscillations of diilcrcnt lrcqucucics nrc coinmunicntedto they ncrinl ronduiiatms il, und A. The secondary .Q is conncctcri between the' aerial condiuator A and n i earth# pluto e, and the s,condnry s is conncctcd to thc aerial conductor il sind thc cur'l 'luten. By depressing` the opera tors hoy ri r emr, thc acriai conductors Aund A ouch null. series of Wswc trains, but thc iirequoncy thcclcctronmgnetic waives emanating;` from A is diifcrcnt from that ol thewu yes ernannting;V :from A',

in Fig. 3, i. and 55 thc primary una sccondury cspoctively of n strong,trzu'ist'orrner i Whosoprinrny circuit controlled by un opcrntors hay vshunt to theA .ourlnryfl nrc the two spina ,grips und il terminal incommon.. From ono l` thc sccondury El there is zlircct vn. tion with thocommon spark-gzip tcl" i, Froni the other tcriniinil ol thc uccondcirySi 4communication is inode `with spirali-grap C thc non-iruluctivcresistance it ind to the running terminal of the spark-grip rf: byinductive resistance i. This urrnngcinc l(fives in cilcct u split-phasco peiution, that is7 the current through it in phase: with the ni'lcctron'iotivc force oi' the sccondury while thc current through llugs behind such. clectroniotixfc forro, The spark-grip C' forms withthe conilcnser (l prirnnry p und induotance l) un oscillutingi` circuitoil' definite nsitni isidiiiit oom'gjy and omimi from iio :aerialconriiicoi f1 btiiooo which und 'the' ozu'iipim-,v if-s :i sofoudai'ywinding' oi a Liviosii'ocinoi 'whose primary is p. Sliiiiiiafij-r, fiioosciiiiioi'y omging* viewing' ovfei riparivg'ufgii G /r'ii'iisfol'med'und immer-:sod upon iiouaib und iiiiefiiii as eioo'ti'oi'miinni oiwigythrough the agency oi' the ti'aosiorniei' fi", s boing the secondary;'winding connected imm/'een 1o ihn zioi'izii conductor A. und iii@emitir-pini@ e. 'iii 'wow ii'niii omitted bj; A are, howover, doplmisedfrom the Wow ti'ziiuii-oniitoii by .fi-J, ii uo to iii@ who sini; Qiotoi im ormng'olimit of the noi1' iuci. yiiefiisfguiice R and theimiui-tivo i'vsioiffziioo if. The oowk-gips (i mui :im similia? so thatthey will break down und@ fiiiuiiu' circuiiistiinces. iiis: oondeiisifi'C connu/iii oo tiri@ two oscillating oiiiuipioi'iousiy im i, L W

zo if; simiiii to i* n'. 2% @miopia that the di@ bp gaps G, :md G haveno common :sparking ii'iniriai, aofi that in pios@ oi using; onei'oiuionoi' common so @no two oscillating ciixcoi'ts, one of theosfeiiiaing' cioiiis has tho 25 s-voiiroiisiai' 'C whiio the otiifu hasLilo condenser C" Here aga-iii io -gzios are maiis "erwies iiifi'oqiioooy 'Lilo osoiiiiiivions of 3o iii@ wo osoiiiizting; oiiouitsisoei by wing diii'oroni.y values of induismo iiiiuofmc andi'esistzmoi?.

' y depressi-3g' me opoiiitofs oy F, 4, piuriiiity of sari/es .of Wav@trains we Qinitod, the 'trains oi each being dei'iii'ised with i'espeoi'ilo Lilo wai/o trains oi' fiiy other weies, funi iii@ oieotioiagiietio'waves of one imi/*o :i i'equeiioy diiiiei' ooi, fiom the ii'sqoanoyoiiibi e oiec'omagnetic 1.o 'fm1/*9s oi' ofi w i 'vg igo ii. receiving pdfrom the marmi i Fig. 3 oi' Fig. Ai.

Wave-responsive (iv/vico if] iiecaiuse the' oleo- Li'omiignoic waivesooniitituting Such wiirvo moins are @minded by the receiving-circuit A.,PI. o because oooh i'oooiving-circiiii iii not 5J@- timod no thorn orfioiootive of tiioiii. Simi 7o in iiy, oiiiy timos@ wave omino imimlodoy iii@ aorizii oomiuctors A of Fig. "i, Fig. giiijig. fi.. wiiiii'iiuo'iueo the wavo-i'espoiiiivo dovioo W, through the agency oftheaerial ooiiduo toi' A', boiiwoeii which mid the oarbii-3iiito e isoomiotofi @he pi'imai'y P of a iransfoi'moi" @cross whois@ Se-omim'y isooimootod tio@ wave-responsive device Wf bocause the aoriimcoiving-oii'cuit A', P, e, is attained to oi; soioctive oi only 'thoseoi@otroifiisig'ooiiiJ Worms 8o which ire @mitico by aerial oonductofi Aof iii@ :iiioroiiiontionod transmittrsi, Fifi' i,

8, or 'iho wave-i'efsponsive fio 'ico ifi conti'ois the iooa] circuitinciuding iiffoiioii@ ooiiof, f, battoi'y Qi, @mi primary iviiidijog p.The seooiifiay of this transforme? is si oon: heated in soiies with thecondoiiser C L ai@ the windings Y. Tho ciiciiii4 oi" the Winding: X isaituiied by means of the condense? C and indiiceziinca i; to ii currentwhose iio- @c qiiiicy is @quail to the frequency oi' ivato of successionof ifho waive ti'iziiis omitted die transmitters shown in i Fig. 2,Fig'. 3, oiq Fig. fi. The ciz'oui't oi *die winding Y is o@ iootivoofzicoment oi the same eqiioirioy? 95 i'eiideioii so by 'the condensa? C,and inducir anco-iii. The wovofi'esponsivo devices iii," omi iliifbeingof iio siii'estoiing typo, poi mii iii omiso mi impuiso oi emmen,":vhi'oug'h the mimaiy windings p, omi iespooiiveiy,

i TDG@ im" siii-,ii visivo imm reooiifeo .or impingiiigf upon the aerialoondiictoi's and A isspoov-y tivoiy. Them oxiaizii, 'hoieioimin'iiiooiiv cuis oi? the windings 'X amd Y am Mismo@ y curi'eiit of fiif@qiieiicy` @quoi to oi' 3, multim@ 'E fiequemy oi' mi@ o? suooosoiomof ich@ miilsmite waive /mins. Thema cii'ouii io@- iiig profembiySelective, i'ondei'afi. so "oy @im pioymnt of Gondomar@ ond inductmices@fooi/o deoi'ioed, wiii roopoiid to oies-Wmo im' ."int iii-Wow mainssus" Gooding each other o.. ioiiliiao im@ oiiiggf. Bui the aitomaitiiigoui'eiii iii sho cii'ciiii; of i5 dopimsed wii'vii i'espect "zo theiiiteimoing surfent im the cii'cuii; Y ioooimsa iii@ 'wo'veiirespons-ihm devise @if i'oopoiids oni); ibo h@ waive mins omitted by'bho :aieifioi comizio 'tors o: the riiismit'bei's shown in oz' iiig.and Wave-responsive devies i/i i'ospoiids only izo those 'waive trainsomiiizo ted by the aerial conductors A of the afm@ mentionfedtransiiiittei's. Ther@ am lpl'odiioed in the oii'ciii-is o? thoseconda-ities o; if" :suivront impuisos, hooo in the Liicuit so@ wiring;ai; *Limo C'iioreii?, fi'oin "'ohoiie iii tho' oii'cui of s. Simiifiiiytile mime/nin. ivnipliisos the circuits of windings amd Y oi'youi' ai',(ii'oreiii insimits but Cio not overlap in time, md/ ilus servo to causothe com Z to ieooivo magnetizing impoise for evoi'y raiismivod Uilciegas changes or iluctua tions in said current, and asignaletranslating instrument controlled or actuated by said amplifiedcurrent.

` 3. In a wireless signaling system, recei'v ing apparatus comprisinglan ae ial conductor, aware-responsive device associated therewith, asource of locally-generated current controlled by said `WaVe-responsivedevice, means for amplifying tlie changes or iluctua tions in saidcurrent as caused by said Wave- 'responsive device, and asignal-translating instrument 'actuated or controlled by said amplifiedcurrent.

4S. In a wireless signaling system, receiv ing,` apparatus comprising;`an aerial conductor, a Wave responsive device associated therewith, alocal circuit containing a source oi energ)v controlled by saidwave-responsive., deifice, a booster associated with said local circuit,and a, signal--trauslating instrument actuated or controlled by tbeicreased enereg'.

, in a Wireless signaling' system, receiw ingl apparatus comprising' anaerial conductor, means associated therewith for producing; a currentiluctuating; in a manner to represent a signal, means `l'or increasingthe amplitude of the iiuctuations, and a signaltranslating instrumentcontrolled or actuated by said increased fluctuations.

6. ln a wireless signaling system, transinittingr apparatus comprisingmeans for impressing' upon the natural media trains of -electroradiantenergy waves succeeding each otlier at practically 'uniform rate, incombiupon tlietransrnitted wave trains, and a sigf nal-translatinginstrument controlled or ac til-- ated tlie reinforced energy.

7. in a wireless signaling system, means .for impressing upon thenatural media a plurality of series of Wave trains, the Waves of cachseries having a characteristic frequency, and the wave trains oi eachseries succeedinp` end not overlapping tlie Wave trains'oi the otherseries, in combination with receiving apparatus comprising a pluralityof receivingcircuits, eacli circuit beingv selective oi tlie Waves ci acertain series, and a magnetizable mass subjected to a number o tmagnetizing forces equal to or a multiple of tlie sum of tlietransmitted wave trains7 said. magnetizinc forces succeeding each otherin an order corresponding with the order oi succession. of thetransmitted wave trains, said magneti/.able mass producingr orcontrollingl the production of a signal.

CORNELIUS D. EHRET.

1i/Vitnesses Arien PBURRGUGH. JNO. P. CnoasDALn.

